手机浏览器扫描二维码访问
第八章美国:心情矛盾的超级大国
1&ldo;二战&rdo;后第一位总统杜鲁门解释道,&ldo;美国的外交政策坚定地建立在公平正义的原则之上&rdo;,&ldo;我们一定要努力把这一黄金原则应用到这个世界的国际事务中去&rdo;。艾森豪威尔曾是一位坚强的士兵,作为总统,他几乎用同样的话语来表达目标:&ldo;我们希望和平……在国家生活中扎根。必须有正义,所有人民都能感受和分享……必须有法律,所有国家都援用和尊重它。&rdo;因此,正如杰拉尔德&iddot;福特在1974年国会联席会议上所说:&ldo;成功的外交政策,是把全体美国人民的希望向外延伸,追求一个有序和平、有序改良和有序自由的世界。&rdo;harrystruan,addressonforeignpolicyatthenavydaycelebrationnewyorkcity,october27,1945;dwightdeisenhower,sendauguraladdress(&ldo;thepriceofpeace&rdo;),january21,1957,publicpapersofthepresidents:dwightdeisenhower,1957–1961,62–63raldford,addresstoajotsessionofngress,augt12,1974,publicpapersofthepresidents:raldrford(1974–1977),6
2lyndonbjohnn,addresstotheunitednationsneralassebly,deceber17,1963
3foraneloentexposition,seerobertkagan,theworldaricaade(newyork:alfredaknopf,2012)
4ilovandjilas,nversationswithstal,transi插elbpetrovich(newyork:harurtbrace≈pany,1962),114
5kennanto插rlesbohlen,january26,1945,asotedjohnlewisgaddis,ekennan:anaricanlife(newyork:pengubooks,2011),188
6bohlen,witnesstohistory,176
7美国大使馆当时暂时没有大使。w&iddot;埃夫里尔&iddot;哈里曼已经离任,而沃尔特&iddot;比德尔&iddot;史密斯尚未赴任。
8&ldo;x&rdo;[efkennan],&ldo;theurcesofvietnduct,&rdo;foreignaffairs25,no4(july1947)
9ibid
10robertrhodesjas,ed,stonschurchill:hispletespeeches,1897–1963(newyork:chelseahoe,1974),7:7710
11areporttothenationalsecurityuncilbytheexecutivesecretaryonunitedstatesobjectivesandprograsfornationalsecurity,nsc-68(april14,1950),7
12johnfosterdulles,&ldo;foundationsofpeace&rdo;(addresstotheveteransofforeignwars,newyork,augt18,1958)
13ehwbhfacedasiilarissueaftersaddahse&rso;sforceshadbeenexpelledfrokuwait1991
14shenzhihua,ao,stal,andthekoreanwar:trilateralunistrelationsthe1950s,transneilsilver(london:routled,2012),140
15chenjian,cha&rso;sroadtothekoreanwar:theakgoftheso-aricannfrontation(newyork:biauniversitypress,1994),149–50onthecheseleadership&rso;sanalysisofthewaranditsregionaliplications,seealseringon插rov,johnwlewis,andxuelitai,uncertapartners:stal,ao,andthekoreanwar(stanford,calif:stanforduniversitypress,1993);henrykissr,oncha(newyork:pengupress,2011),插p5;shen,ao,stal,andthekoreanwar;andshuguangzhang,ao&rso;silitaryroanticis:chaandthekoreanwar,1950–1953(lawrence:universitypressofkansas,1995)
16see插pter5
17neraloarnbradley,插iranofthejotchiefsofstaff,testionybeforethesenateitteesonardservicesandforeignrelations,ay15,1951,ilitarysituationthefareast,heargs,82ndng,1stsess,pt2,732(1951)
18seepeterbraestrup,bigstory:howthearicanpressandtelevisionreportedandterpretedthecrisisoftet1968vietnaandwashgton(boulder,lo:westviewpress,1977);robertelegant,&ldo;howtoloseawar:thepressandvietna,&rdo;enunter(london),augt1981,73–90;guenterlewy,aricavietna(newyork:oxforduniversitypress,1978),272–79,311–24
19&ldo;anterviewwiththepresident:thejuryisout,&rdo;ti,january3,1972
20ri插rdnixon,usforeignpolicyforthe1970&rso;s:buildgforpeace:areporttothengress,byri插rdnixon,presidentoftheunitedstates,february25,1971,107直到这个时候,美国政府文件一直把中国称为&ldo;共产党中国&rdo;或泛称为北京或北平(国民党给这个城市的名称)当局。
21ri插rdnixon,rearkstoidwesternnewsdiaexecutivesattendgabriefgondosticpolicykansascity,isuri,july6,1971,publicpapersofthepresidents,805–6
22seekissr,oncha,插p9
23ri插rdnixon,sendauguraladdress,january20,1973,yfellowaricans,333
24ri插rdnixon,usforeignpolicyforthe1970&rso;s:buildgforpeace,10
25ri插rdnixon,usforeignpolicyforthe1970&rso;s:anewstrategyforpeace,february18,1970,9
26ri插rdnixon,usforeignpolicyforthe1970&rso;s:shapgadurablepeace,ay3,1973,232–33
27ronaldreagan,farewelladdresstothearicanpeople,january11,1989,thewordsofronaldreagan:thewit,wisdo,andeternaloptiisofarica&rso;s40thpresident,edi插elreagan(nashville:thoasneln,2004),34
28ronaldreagan,anaricanlife(newyork:sion≈schter,1990),592
29loucannon,presidentreagan:theroleofalifeti(newyork:sion≈schter,1990),792
30ronaldreagan,addressbeforeajotsessionofngressonthestateoftheunion,january25,1984,thepublicpapersofpresidentronaldwreagan,ronaldreaganpresidentiallibrary
呼啸的枪刺 朕每天都想退位[穿书] 暂态稳定 勉强科举日常 学渣同桌是个戏精 鸾凤孽 宠婢难逃 恐怖游戏:开局女鬼爱上我 总裁哥哥,给我开个门 [综名著]我当男装大佬的那些年 首席男神在隔壁 怪你过分美丽 亮刺 穿成炮灰女配后和男主HE了 当他抢走女二后[快穿] 星光冕 和不欢而散的前男友分到一间宿舍了怎么办 全星际都是我的迷妹 穿梭时空三千年续之星座时空 惊落晚秋
沈浅墨被拯救炮灰系统绑定,说是拯救炮灰,而她每个位面都能遇见这位主神大人,任务说变就变攻略主神大人。陛下呵,这个女人肯定是故意引起朕的兴趣!叛逆校草当我女朋友!我是来通知你不是和你商量!强烈要求换人!森林这么大谁非要在一棵树上吊死?某人轻抬起她的下巴,语气危险嗯?你说什么?...
诗王之称,画圣之名,剑仙之誉,道尊之谓,可只想做个安稳的寄生虫,怎么那么难?花花世界,黍离之地,妖魔鬼怪,神仙道佛。执笔仗剑行,青衫少年游。我本楚狂人,凤歌笑孔丘。既安逸不行,那就和小倩婴宁龙女,还有白素贞祝英台七仙女等一大堆红颜知己,来一个没羞没躁的聊斋之旅吧。※※※新人新书求点击,推荐,收藏,包养...
世界的色彩在于你装有什么样的滤镜。看透唯物主义的现代科学文明的表象,一个玄奥而宏大的世界在她面前徐徐铺展开来。—辣椒新文穿越小小土地婆兢兢业业的土地婆枔靖一夜醒来,发现人们在她的神龛旁边新起了一个土地公的神龛。她辛辛苦苦只一心守护人们安宁,人们却一心想给她配对儿?...
身具鬼谷道门奇术与医术的林煜入世修心。他通天道,知阴阳,以一手鬼谷医术纵横都市。坐拥财色天下。一手板砖,一手医经,打得了畜生,救得了苍生...
一个现代人回去穿越到三国,并辅佐曹操的故事。经历了感情的一次变故,这才逐渐走上三国舞台,并成为越来越耀眼的焦点。曹操把女儿嫁给他,孙策也想用妹妹拉拢他。他行事往往出人意料,虽出身名门,却常常口爆粗语,令人侧目,世人更是称之为疯子。请看这样一个疯子,如何帮助曹操走一条令中国逐渐强大的光明之路。quot...
在武田家与上杉家的第四次川中岛合战中。上杉谦信手持名刀‘顺庆长光’,胯骑名驹‘放生毛月’,突破武田军军阵直取本阵中的武田信玄,连斩三刀,头两刀被信玄用军扇挡下,第三刀已斩伤信玄的肩膀。正待这时,一身武士打扮的李晓策马,从旁赶到,大喝一声上衫贼敢尔。...